Sagan Box Science ~ USA ~ Carl Sagan (B. Nov. 9, 1934—D. Dec. 20, 1996) was an astronomer and science writer. In 1960, he obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. He then taught at University of California at Berkeley, and at Harvard University. He was also an astrophysicist at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. He also worked with the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project and some unmanned space missions to Mars and Venus. He published The Cosmic Connection: An Extraterrestrial Perspective (1973) and The Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the Evolution of Human Intelligence, which was the winner of the 1977 Pulitzer Prize. He also wrote the novel Contact in 1985, which was later made into a motion picture. For more information try: CarlSagan.com and Contact, the Movie. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ The Sagan Box is given as a gift to races that are allied with Earth. The Box is illustrated with imagery from the Sagan Institute, which symbolizes Earth. It also contains radioactive iridium that has the purpose of being used as a GDO (Garage Door Opener). Sagan Boxes have been given to the people of Cimmeria and the Tok-ra (See Carter). Thanks to Bev of the now non-operational website "Stargate SG-1: WoolfGate" for the information on which races received the Boxes (109 – Thor’s Hammer, 206 – Thor’s Chariot, (211/212 – The Tok-ra, 218 – Serpent’s Song).

Sakhmet Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ (From the Egyptian word Sekhem ["Power" or "Might"] her name has been translated to "The Mighty One" or "She Who Prevails" or "Powerful Female" or "She Who Is Powerful In the Eye Of Ra") Also called Sachmet, Sekhet, Sekh(e)met; she is the "Lady of Pestilence," "Eye of Ra," "Lady of the Bright Red Linen" (Refers to her blood soaked garments), and "Nesert" ("The Flame"). She is the daughter of Ra. She is the sister-wife of Ptah (Patron God of Memphis & God of Artists and Craftsmen) and the mother of Nefertum. Linked to Bastet, she is considered to be the warlike aspect of Hathor. Her main center of worship was Memphis, however she was worshipped in Luxor, Karnak, and the entirety of Egypt. She was the Goddess of War and Divine Vengeance. As the "Lady of Pestilence," she was the Goddess of Disease and Plague, but she could also heal the sicknesses she caused. She was a protectress the good and annihilated the wicked. She was considered to be the personification of the scorching and destructive heat of the sun’s rays. In many stories, she accompanied the Pharaohs into battle. She was the Goddesses of the West, while Bastet was the Goddess of the East. She was depicted as a woman with the head of a lioness. She wore red and a headdress of a solar disk with the uraeus (A cobra); although sometimes the solar disk is absent. She is also sometimes depicted holding a knife in an upraised arm. At other times, she is depicted in the form of the uraeus on Ra’s forehead, where she defended him by spitting flames on his enemies. Most of her statues were carved of black granite. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Sakhmet was a high-ranking Goa’uld in the service of Ra. She was a psuedo-governor of some of Ra’s planets, the muscle in halting rebellions, and in charge of mass executions. Ra exiled her to Earth for possibly plotting against him. She was imprisoned in a canopic jar that was discovered by Napoleon and was then seized by the Nazis and eventually fell into the hands of the N.I.D. In the forty-sixth attempt at a Goa’uld-human hybrid by the rogue faction of the N.I.D., Anna was created in an attempt to access Goa’uld genetic-memory. She is about 2 years old and the scientists used the Nanites from Argos to mature her quickly. She was kept in a clear cage and told to draw Sakhmet’s memories. Keffler (N.I.D. scientist and Anna’s creator) tortured her to cause Sakhmet’s latent personality to surface. In true arrogant Goa’uld nature, Sakhmet offered nothing of value. Sakhmet’s vicious nature surfaced when she escaped and killed 32 of the N.I.D. scientists. It is thought that Sakhmet’s symbiote is long dead. Anna killed herself with the biotoxin that Keffler had implanted in her brain as a fail-safe (719 – Resurrection).

Salatis Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ (Also: Silitis. Possibly also: Mayebre Sheshi or Melol) At the end of the Fourteenth Dynasty, Egypt was conquered by the Hyksos people. According to Manetho (an historian from the Ptolemaic (Greek) era), Salatis was the first Hyksos Pharaoh of Egypt and began the Second Intermediate Period with the Fifteenth Dynasty and reigned for thirteen years. The Hyksos kings made no attempt to suppress Egyptian religion or culture. There was a golden era of culture in the Hyksos center were culture flourished there more than in Thebes. He chose Memphis as the capital, and made Upper and Lower Egypt pay tribute. The Hyksos only directly controlled Middle Egypt, while their vassals controlled the rest of Egypt. Salatis founded the highly fortified Delta city of Avaris (Biblical Tanis or Zoan) and made it the chief Hyksos garrison. The Hyksos introduced the horse harness, war chariots, and other military improvements to Egypt. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Salatis and his brother, Katep, lived during Ra’s reign on Earth. They traveled to Giza to make an offering to Ra. Salatis was killed with a staff weapon when Ra was displeased with their offering of trinkets (819/820 – Moebius).

Sangreal Myth/Religion ~ BRITAIN/FRANCE/GERMANY ~ It may have originated in Christian lore, or it may have origins in early Celtic myth, as both have stories of cups with magical powers. In Western Christian lore, the Grail is the vessel that either: caught the blood of Christ at the Crucifixion or was used at the Last Supper. The Grail is completely absent from the lore of Eastern Orthodox (Arabs, Greeks, Romanians, or Slavs) countries, suggesting that it originated with Anglo-French lore, particularly Arthurian legend. In Old French, San Greal (San Graal) means "Holy Grail" while Sang Real means "Royal Blood." This first mention of the Grail is in the unfinished Perceval, le Conte du Graal (Percival, the Story of the Grail; c. 1180) by Chrétien de Troyes. However, Chrétien didn't call it "The Grail," but simply "a grail," and never says that it is a Christian object. He describes it as a wide bowl. Wolfram von Eschenbach, an illiterate Bavarian, was a poor noble who composed the Germanic verse, Parzival (c. 1220), and identified the Grail as a stone. It is thought that he based his work on Chrétien de Troyes' Perceval; although, he cites his source as Kyot the Provençal, a suspected fictional French poet. Wolfram says that Kyot found a manuscript written by Flegetanis, a Muslim astronomer, in which Flegetanis learned about the Holy Grail from the stars. Kyot learned Arabic and traveled Europe to learn about the Grail, the brotherhood that protected it, and about Percival's family. Kyot also said that the Grail was a stone that fell from Heaven. Learn More: NNDB Wolfram von Eschenbach. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Daniel says, "the notion that the grail was a cup or chalice particularly the one used by Christ at the last supper was...was a late addition to the myth...or in the case Von Eschenbach in outer Middle East influenced chroniclers as a stone that fell from the Heavens..." Also called the Bloodstone, it is a sacred and powerful stone once owned by Merlin, and possibly the source of his anti-Ori weapon. Arthur left from Camelot to look for it. He went to three planets: Castiana (Taoth Vaclarush), Sahal (Valos Cor), and Vagonbrei (Verus Gen Bree) (920 -- Camelot). Osric helps SG-1 find the cave in which Morgan hid the Sangreal. Morgan also placed many safe guards on the planet (such as cloaking the planet), so that the Sangreal could not be destroyed from orbit. The Parchment of Virtues will guide only the most virtuous of knights. One must demonstrate prudence, charity, kindness, wisdom, and faith to reach the Sangreal, and to ultimately obtain it one must "speak the guardian's name" (1010 – The Quest). Daniel downloads Merlin’s consciousness from the Repository to finish the Sangreal. He is able to complete the weapon and uses it against the Ori (1014 – The Shroud).

Sarcophagus History ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ A large stone coffin, usually gold and jewel encrusted, and customarily belonging to a member of the royal family or nobility. The word "sarcophagus" is the Greek term for "eater of dead flesh," which is a mistranslation. The Egyptian Hieroglyphic term is "neb ankh," with neb translating to "the master" or "the owner" and ankh translating to "of life." The Egyptians believed that the sarcophagus was not for death, but for resurrection or regeneration. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) and The Movie (StarGate ©1994) ~ It is a coffin shaped, human-sized container that regenerates a wounded or dead human body.

Schrödinger’s Cat Science ~ AUSTRIA ~ Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961) was a pioneer in the field of quantum mechanics. He was a physics professor at the Universities of Stuttgart, Breslau, Zürich, Berlin, Oxford, and Graz. He proposed an experiment to show the consequences of quantum mechanics, involving a cat. For the full theory, go here Schrödinger’s Cat. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Schrödinger is the name of the cat Samantha (Major Carter) brings for Narim, a member of the Tollan race, who formed a close friendship with her (116 – Enigma). Schrödinger made a return appearance in the episode Pretense (315).

SeaQuest, DSV Popular Culture ~ TELEVISION ~ Taking place in the mid-21st Century, this series is about the adventures of the crew of the SeaQuest, which is a Deep Submergence Vehicle (aka, a submarine). It is in a fleet belonging to the UEO (United Earth Oceans), which polices the oceans and the humans who have colonized them. Nathan Bridger (Roy Scheider) designed the sub, but retired from service after his wife died. He was later trick back into service to captain the sub on its maiden voyage. In the second season, Dagwood (Peter DeLuise) was introduced. Dagwood was a prototype GELF (Genetically Engineered Life Form). The GELFs were engineered to be the perfect soldier. Although he was super strong, he wasn’t that smart, so his creators started over. He was assigned to be the janitor on seaQuest. Learn more: Wikipedia: seaQuest DSV. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Jonas and Teal’c arrive at Anubis’ sunken mothership deep under the surface of the Pacific Ocean via a DSV special equipped for rescue missions. Lieutenant Dagwood is the pilot of the sub and has piloted DSVs frequently (603 – Descent).

Seberus / Ceberus History ~ GREAT BRITAIN and AUSTRALIA ~ In this episode Jonas recognizes the name of Warrick’s ship (the Sebrus) as having origins in ancient Celtic culture saying that the Celts built a prison transport galleon (the Ceberus of Dublin) in the year 1668 AD. I haven’t, as of yet, been able to find any information on any penal colony transport ships by this name. However, the British did transport their prisoners to their far-off colonies. From approximately 1717 to 1776 the British government sent prisoners to the American colonies. After the American Revolution ended in 1783, the British government turned to the area of Australia presently known as New South Wales (See Botany Bay). It is estimated that from 1783 to 1868, roughly 161000 English, Irish, and other convicts were forced into settling there. Learn more: A Short History of Convict Australia and Convicts and the British colonies in Australia. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ A prison transport ship form the planet Hebridan. Warrick, a Serrakin, is the captain. His crew was killed during the crash landing and by the escaped prisoners (Aden Corso, Tanis Reynard, and Liam Pender). Its ion propulsion system is fueled by liquid nitrogen and its main defense is sonic weapons technology. Jonas recognizes the writing on the ship to be of Celtic origin. He makes the connection that the Hebridans may have originated from Earth. SG-1 uses their naquadah reactor to recharge its engines, which allows Warrick to return home with his recaptured prisoners (618 – Forsaken). Warrick with the help of Carter, he participates in the 59th Loop of Kon Garat, a race through their solar system (708 – Space Race).

Seth (Set, Setesh) Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ Seth is the God of Chaos and Storms. He is represented as a man with the head of a mythical beast, now thought to be part anteater and part wild donkey. He is the enemy of his brother, Osiris, and his nephew, Horus. He is the patron god of Nagada / Naquadah (Naqada). The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Seth is a Goa’uld who hid on Earth, sought by the Tok-ra and the Goa’uld as an enemy of the System Lords. Seth has maintained power on earth for thousands of years using false religion. The SG-1 team traces him to a heavily armed compound in Washington State where he is running a cult. Now deceased (302 – Seth).

Shen-Marak, Ring of Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ (Shenu "to encircle") The Shen is a symbol representing eternity. It is a stylized loop of rope around a sun disk. It is shown with Bird Deities, such as Horus, Mut (second wife of Amun), and most commonly Nekhbet (Vulture-Goddess and guardian of mothers and children). It was often shown with Heh, the God of Eternity. The cartouche is an elongated Shen that represents protection and encases Royal Names. Learn More: Egypt Feature Story The Ancient Egyptian Cartouche. (Marak is Hebrew for "Soup") The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ A "relic" at the monastery of Grannus, the Ring of Shen-Marak is actually a cargo ship power coil. Pilgrims from all over the system come to see the Ring, and it is the only thing keeping the monastery running (904 -- The Ties That Bind).

Sobek Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ Called Suchos by the Greeks, he is Lord of the Faiyum. His center of worship was Arsinoe, called Crocodilopolis by the Greeks. He is depicted as a man with a crocodile’s head. He is the son of Neith and either Osiris or Seth. He is sometimes the husband of Hathor and father of Khonsu (God of the crescent moon). He was the Crocodile God who embodied the might of the Egyptian Pharaohs and patron of all reptilian forms. He retrieved the Four Sons of Horus from the waters of Nun (Primordial Waters of Chaos from which all things were created) under the orders of Ra. In rare occurrences, he is regarded as the personification and source of evil. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Sometime in the past, Bastet and Kali made a treaty with him. When Sobek let his guard down at the celebratory feast, they betrayed him. The rumor is that his head still hangs as a decoration in Bastet’s palace on Bubastis (515 – Summit).

Sokar Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ Also called Seker and Socharis (by the Greeks). A God of the Dead and a God of Craftsmen. He is also the God of the Memphis Necropolis and the craftsmen who worked there (Necropolis = Greek "necro" meaning "dead" and "polis" meaning "city", hence "City of the Dead" similar to a cemetery). Sokar was thought of as an apparition of the murdered Osiris at Abydos during the Old Kingdom era. Sokar was also related to the production of the tools used in funerary rituals and embalming. He was the creator of "royal bones," and was he was depicted on the royal tombs in Thebes. He was both feared and worshiped. He was worshiped as the guardian of tombs, but feared for being the god of decomposition and darkness. In later times, he was combined with Ptah (a craftsman-god in Memphis) and Osiris to become Ptah-Seker-Osiris. Many times, the powers of the gods overlapped, thus resulting in the "hyphenated gods." This "hyphenated god" was associated with the cycle of life most commonly associated with the cycle of vegetation growth. While "Daniel Jackson" says Sokar is Satan; in all actuality, Seth, a trickster and the force of desert chaos, was more comparable to Satan than Sokar. Sokar is usually depicted as a mummified man with the head of a hawk. Learn More: Sokar, an Egyptian God of the Underworld. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Now a powerful Goa’uld System Lord, he was once overthrown by Ra and Apophis). According to Daniel, "He was the most feared deity in ancient Egypt, the original god of death, similar to Satan. At one time he ruled all of Earth, his lands around Memphis were covered by darkness and inhabited by serpents. His portion of Duat, the Other World, was filled with lakes of fire where the wicked were thrown as punishment after torture and mutilation, as in hell." He has regained power and captured Apophis (218 – Serpent’s Song). He was supposedly killed when his mother-ship was caught in the explosion of Netu. At any rate, Apophis has taken control of his army (312/313 – Jolinar’s Memories/The Devil You Know).

Sol Language ~ ANCIENT ROME ~ (Greek: Helios) The Sun God. Also known as Deus Sol Invictus ("Undefeated Sun-God") or just Sol Invictus ("Undefeated Sun") for short. He is depicted as wearing a radiate crown and carrying a whip. His birthday festival, Dies Natalis Solis Invicti, was held on December 25. He had two sisters: Luna (Goddess of the Moon; Greek: Selene) and Aurora. He was also called Sol Indiges ("Original/Native/Invoked") and may have been regarded as one of the divine ancestors of Rome. As Sol Indiges, he had a shrine on the Quirinal with a sacrifice day on August 9. With Luna, he had another shrine in Circus Maximus. Emperor Elagabalus (Also Heliogabalus r. 218 to 222) imported Sol to Rome from Syria in c. 220. Emperor Aurelian (r. 270–275) made the cult of Sol Invictus the official religion of the Empire until the rise of Christianity with the reign of Emperor Constantine (r. 306 – 312). In Norse mythology, Sol, or Sunna, was the Sun-Goddess. In Science, Sol is the name of our sun. Learn More: The Illustrated History of the Roman Empire – Sol. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ After Vala gets amnesia from Athena’s mind-probe, she gets a job at Sol’s Diner. She worked there for two weeks (1008 – Memento Mori).

Solon (Solen) History/Myth ~ ANCIENT GREECE ~ (c. 638 BC–559 BC) Solon was a noble, Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and one of the Seven Sages. In 594 BC, at the age of 55, he was elected archon and tried to reform the economic, moral, and political decline in Athens. At first his efforts failed, however, he is now recognized as the father of Athenian democracy. Twenty years after he was elected, he finally gained full power. His reforms included the end of aristocratic rule by allowing anyone with substantial wealth (rather than bloodline) to participate. However, if there was a political dispute and a citizen refused to choose a side, the citizen’s property would be seized. He also created a "Parliament" (Boule) of 400 citizens, which made the aristocrats dislike him because it included the lower classes. He also divided the citizens into four social classes based on annual income (There were also two more classes: immigrants and slaves). Each class had certain duties to society. Solon freed enslaved debtors and returned their land to them. He also standardized the coins and the system of weights and measures. His changes made him so unpopular that he left Athens for ten years to travel the known world. In two of Plato’s dialogues, "Timaeus" and "Critias," he tells of Solon’s trip to Egypt, where he went to the delta city of Sais. There, he heard the story of Atlantis from the priests. [Sincha (see Atlantis section) is Korean for "really?!"] The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Solen was one of the Urrone children on Orban. After Tomin under goes the Averium, Solen is assigned to Teal’c to learn about fighting the Goa’uld. Eventually, Solen will undergo the Averium and the nanites in her brain will be distributed to the rest of the people on his planet in order to teach them (305 - Learning Curve). The Show (Stargate Atlåntis) ~ Solen Sincha was a Satedan solder from Ronon’s regiment. Ronon encounters him on planet Belka, and he informs Ronan that 300 plus Satedans escaped the Wraith (206 - Trinity). After Ronon is kidnapped by Tyre, the team returns to Belka where they encounter a drunken Solen. He informs them that Tyre is no longer a Wraith-worshipper, and if he knew where Tyre was, he would already be dead. Later, Solen hears that Tyre is probably on the planet of Sarif Sur (503 - Broken Ties).

Sora Language ~ JAPANESE ~ A feminine name meaning "Sky." The Show (Stargate Atlåntis) ~ Daughter of Tyrus, she is one of the Genii. Originally presenting herself as a simple farm girl, it is later revealed that she is one of the Genii’s most formidable warriors and an expert marksman (108 – Underground). Upon entering Atlantis’ gateroom, Acastus Kolya orders the two guards killed and proceeds to take Dr. McKay and Dr. Weir hostage. Sora, a member of the strike team, finds this disturbing. She is also disillusioned when Kolya authorizes other Genii soldiers to use lethal force on Sheppard. However, she blames Teyla for the death of her father and wants to avenge his death. After fighting Teyla (who ends the fight prematurely), the Genii are defeated and Sora is held as a prisoner in Atlantis (110/111 – The Storm/The Eye).

Space Race History ~ USA and SOVIET UNION ~ The term "Space Race" was coined in 1957 after the Soviet Union had launched the first ever artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, on October 4th of that year. Sputnik 1 also "...set in motion a series of programs of space exploration by the United States and the Soviet Union (qtd. Britannica)." Approximately four months later, the US launched the Explorer 1 satellite on January 31, 1958. This "race" continued with "...more than 5000 successful launches of satellites and space probes of all varieties... (qtd. Britannica)." On April 12, 1961, the Soviet Union launched the first manned Earth orbit with cosmonaut Yury Gagarin in the Vostok 1. The US shortly followed with landing two men, Neil Armstrong and Edwin ("Buzz") Aldrin, onto the Moon’s surface on July 20, 1969 during the Apollo 11 mission (Michael Collins, the third astronaut, stayed in the Command Module orbiting the Moon). The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Instead of being a race to get to space, this is an actual race… in space. In this episode, SG-1 visits the planet Hebridan to visit Warrick, the pilot of the Seberus. In exchange for the Naquadah reactor Warrick has asked for to power his ship, Carter asks to be his co-pilot in the 59th Loop of Kon Garat, a historic race through the Hebridan solar system. The winner must be the first to complete the race with their ship intact. The winner is also awarded a contract with the Tech Con Group, the biggest Hebridan corporate conglomerate. La’el Montrose, the winner, asked Warrick to be her co-pilot under her contract with Tech Con (708 – Space Race).

Stargate History ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ A term used by author Robert Bauval to refer to the shafts in the Great Pyramid that point up to the constellations of Orion and Sirius. Also, Dr. Michael Preisinger, a German historian/scuba diver, in the Bermuda Triangle thinks that micro-wormholes, which appear briefly, might be causing the interference and disappearances. These wormholes have been nicknamed Stargates. Go here for more: Atlantis Rising: Bermuda Triangle Stargate? (Thanks to Furies77 for the link). The Movie (StarGate ©1994) ~ The Stargate is a circular-shaped device, which creates a wormhole through space to another Stargate on Abydos. To operate the Stargate, one must "dial" seven chevrons (symbols/constellations) to locate the other gate in three-dimensional space. It was housed in Creek Mountain under the command of General West. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ It is made of Naquadah. It was moved to Cheyenne Mountain under the command of General Hammond. Carter theorizes that (with the discovery of the cartouche on Abydos) that the Stargate can go to other planets (101 – Children of the Gods). Another Stargate was discovered by accident in Antarctica, when a power overload sent Captain Carter and Col. O’Neill there. Referred to as the "Beta Gate," it was sent to Area 51 (117 – Solitudes). The Ancients, who are a member of the "Four Great Races," (See Heliopolis) built the Stargate system (215 – The Fifth Race). When the Egyptian Gate (See Giza) was transported aboard the doomed Bilskirnir, the beta gate was brought out of storage and installed in the SGC (322 – Nemesis, 401 – Small Victories). The Stargate has a "memory chip," for lack of a better term, that "remembers" the configuration of an object when it is dematerialized and reintegrated. It can store information from an interrupted wormhole for approximately 48 hours. The DHD and Stargate have about 400 feedback signals and safety protocols (the dialing computer uses only about 180; ignoring 220) (514 – 48 Hours). It weighs 64000 pounds (602 – Redemption). Researchers at the White Rock Research Station in Antarctica found Aiyana. The DHD (Dial Home Device) that was found there ran out of energy after it was used a few times. This DHD is thought to be est. 50 million years old (before the Antarctic plate was at the South Pole or covered by ice) (604 – Frozen). The Show (Stargate Atlåntis) ~ Antarctica was probably the first location of the Stargate on Earth. After the city of Atlantis left Earth for the Pegasus Galaxy, the gate on Antarctica was lost probably after the Ancients abandoned Atlantis and returned to Earth. The Stargate in the Atlantis city in the Pegasus Galaxy is like a digital/touch-tone, while the Gates in the Milky Way system are analogue/rotary style. Also the Atlantis Gate has a force field iris (101/102 – Rising). After Atlantis’ ZPM is depleted, McKay and Carter engineer the McKay/Carter Intergalactic Gate Bridge to bridge between the Pegasus and Milky Way Galaxy. It is a chain of seventy Stargates that spans the 3-million-light-year void between the two galaxies. The Midway Space Station divides the network and the trip takes about 30 minutes instead of three weeks (310 – The Return). The Show (Stargate Universe) – A nine chevron address was found in the Ancient database. The Icarus Base was established to serve as the Point of Origin for the attempted dialing (101-102 – Air).

Star Trek Popular Culture ~ TELEVISION/MOTION PICTURE ~ The original series (although filmed in 1966) took place in the 23rd century. It takes place on the U.S.S. Enterprise NCC-1701 of the United Federation of Planets. They were on a five-year mission to explore new worlds, "teach alien ladies how to love (in the words of Fry from Futurama)," and "to boldly go where no man has gone before," in "space... the final frontier." Although it lasted only 80 episodes, it has reached a cult following and spawned many movies and spin offs. For more visit the Internet Movie Data Base: Gene Roddenberry. Also check out StarTrek.com. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Simon Coombs (played by John Billingsley who is Dr. Phlox from “Enterprise”), a mathematician newly employed by the SGC, is a raging "treckkie." While in Khonsu’s ship, he suggests that he and Jay Felger (another SGC scientist) crawl through the obscenely large ventilation shaft (similar to the Jeffries Tubes of the Enterprise) to rescue SG-1. Coombs also laments that he and Felger might soon be killed: "Oh, come on, Felger. We might as well be wearing red shirts!" (In the Star Trek series, the security officers, who wore red shirts, were often the first to die). Coincidentally, Khonsu is wearing red and is killed. Also, a Klingon Bat’leth weapon (from TNG) is hanging behind Khonsu’s throne (608 – The Other Guys). O’Neill wants to rename the X-303 (Prometheus) the "Enterprise" (612 – Unnatural Selection). The Show (Stargate Atlåntis) ~ McKay wants to rename the Hippaforalkus the Enterprise (219 – Inferno).

Sun Tzu History/Myth ~ ANCIENT CHINA ~ (c. 534 BC - c. 473 BC) (Also: Sunzi, Sun-tzu, or Sun Tzi) Sun Tzu was born in the state of Qi (in modern Shandong), to a family of minor nobles. His clan’s original surname was Chen, and his original given name was Sun Wu. He was a younger contemporary of Confucius. Some time around 514 BC, Sun Tzu left Qi (where his family was involved in the war against the states of Wu and Lu), and headed for the state of Wu where he met King Helü. Sun Tzu was granted an audience, and impressed the King so much, he was assigned to be General Wu Zixu’s assistant as well as being in charge of troop discipline. He teamed up with Gen. Wu in the invasion of the Chu state. They used a form of "divide and conquer" and took the superpower Chu after six years. During the invasion of the state of Yue, King Helü was mortally wounded, and his successor, Fucha, started to shun Gen. Wu and Sun Tzu after they conquered Yue. The last mention of Sun Tzu is in the book Yuejueshu ("The End of the Kingdom of Yue"), where it tells of his tomb lying outside the gate of Wu. Sun Tzu was active during the Spring and Autumn Period (722-481 BC) and may or may not have been a real historical figure. He wrote The Art of War, a 13-book treatise on military strategy with Taoist influences. The debate over weather or not he was real, is that some of the strategy he discusses matches strategy used in the Warring States Period (476-221 BC). Although, an explanation of this that maybe the books were written down after he had died by his successors. The Linyi Text, which is the oldest surviving version, is 2100 years old. The Art of War spread throughout Asia and reached Europe just before French Revolution, due to the 1772 French translation by J. J. M. Amiot. Lionel Giles first translated it into English in 1910; yet, it did not become popular in the US until 1963, when Gen. Samuel Griffith published his translation. The Show (Stargate Atlåntis) ~ The Sun Tzu is a Daedalus-class ship (executive producer Joseph Mallozzi confirmed on his blog that it was manned by the Chinese). It was sent to the edge of the Milky Way, with the Apollo, to stop the Wraith's Super Hive Ship. Abraham Ellis reported that the Sun Tzu was crippled in the fight and is venting atmosphere. The crew abandoned ship and boarded the Apollo (520 – Enemy at the Gate).

Supernova Science ~ ASTRONOMY ~ From the Latin word for "new," a nova is any of a class of exploding stars whose luminosity temporarily increases from several thousand to as much as 100000 times its normal level. Within a few hours after its outburst, a nova reaches maximum luminosity. As a result it may shine strongly for several days (for a few weeks on occasion) and after which, the star will gradually return to its previous level of radiance. Most novas are thought to occur in double-star systems in which the members are: called close binary stars, are both aged, one is a red giant and the other a white dwarf, and they revolve closely around each other. The reason they are called novas is that the stars are usually too dim before the outburst to be observed without the help of a telescope. A supernova, on the other hand, is a cataclysmic event (i.e. explosion) for a star. This event essentially ends its active lifetime (i.e., energy-generating) of the star. Only seven supernovas are known to have been recorded historically before the 17th century. The most famous occurred in 1054 AD and took place in one of the horns of the constellation Taurus. Today, it is known as the Crab Nebula. This explosion was bright enough to be seen during the day and its enormous brilliance lasted for weeks. Chinese and Korean observers recorded the supernova of 1054, and Southwestern Native American Indians also may have seen it, as implied by specific rock paintings discovered in Arizona and New Mexico. Other supernovas were observed from Earth in the years: 185, 393, 1006, 1181, 1572, and 1604 AD. The latest supernova to be seen was on 24 February 1987 by the Canadian astronomer Ian K. Shelton at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. It was named SN 1987A. Sometimes when the core of a star collapses, it is too great to produce a supernova, and is compressed into a black hole. Learn more at: APOD: 2002 July 14 - The Crab Nebula from VLT, APOD: 1999 February 9 - A Supernova Starfield, APOD: 2002 March 31 - The Mysterious Rings of Supernova 1987A, X-ray Astronomy: Supernovae and their remnants – Introduction, and Chandra - X-Ray Sources - Supernovae and Supernova Remnants. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ SG-1 creates an artificial supernova in the hopes of destroying Apophis’ fleet by dialing the Stargate to the black hole of P3W-451. The black hole traveled through the wormhole and caused the sun of Vorash to supernova. The blast succeeding in destroying most of Apophis’ fleet, but his mothership and the ship SG-1 were on escaped the blast. The blast propelled the two ships over four million light years away. It was estimated that even if the ships traveled at maximum hyperdrive speed, they would not reach Earth for 125 years (422 – Exodus).

Svarog Myth ~ SLAVIC MYTHOLOGY ~ (Translation: "Bright, Clear") Also called Svarozic or Svarozits. Originally the supreme god, he was later reduced to being the fire and sun god and later reduced to being a fire demon. He is the patron of blacksmiths and of the hearth fire. He also institutionalized marriage. His chariot is drawn by twelve white horses with gold manes. He is the father to Dabog (God of the Sun, Herds, and Precious Metals; compared to Satan) and Svarozic (ancient Fire God). Compared to Hephaistos (Greek God of Smiths and Fire). The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Along with Baal, Bastet, Kali, Morrígan, Olokun, and Yu, Svarog is one of the seven System Lords meeting at the neutral zone of the Hassara System. Osiris was a surprise guest. He votes to reinstate Anubis into the System Lords (515/516 – Summit/Last Stand). He attacked the planet Latona when they refused his demand that they serve him. He bombed the planet from orbit. The "Sentinel," Latona’s defense weapon, stopped his attack. Fate unknown (520 – The Sentinel).

Sword in the Stone Myth ~ GREAT BRITAIN ~ Sometimes combined with Excalibur; the Sword in the Stone is not the same weapon. Some stories say the Sword was in a stone, while other versions say that it was embedded in an anvil. Merlin created it as a test to find the true king (only one worthy to be king could pull it). Arthur attended the tournament to choose the next king with his foster father, Sir Ector, and his foster brother, Sir Kay. As Kay's squire, he was sent to retrieve Kay's forgotten sword. Not wanting his brother to be late to the completion, young Arthur spied the Sword in the Stone in a churchyard. Unaware that he was the son of Uther, he pulled the Sword and became the next king. Later, Arthur breaks Sword in the Stone and Merlin takes him to the Lady of the Lake, who gives him Excalibur. Learn More: King Arthur's Knights | Was the Sword really in the Stone? The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ A Sword in the Stone was found in the Glastonbury Cave. Mitchell is only able to pull it once they have solved both of the riddles (901/902 -- Avalon). A Sword in the Stone was left at Camelot. The natives follow Arthur’s ways and believe that he will return one day, when the sword is pulled from the stone (See Valencia) (920 -- Camelot).

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